Prevention and Reducing Risk of Harm

Prevention makes a difference

Prevention is about helping youth build the skills, relationships, and support systems they need to make healthy decisions. Research shows that strong family connections, early, ongoing, and positive communication, and supportive environments can reduce the risk of substance use and improve mental health outcomes.

Protective factors

Protective factors help youth feel supported, connected, and resilient:

• Trusted adults and supportive relationships

• Open communication that begins early

• Healthy coping skills

• Positive peer connections

• Healthy alternatives to substance use 

• School and community involvement

• Access to mental health support

• Stable and safe environments

•Empower youth to make their own informed decisions

Warning signs to watch for

Every young person is different, but some warning signs may include:

• Sudden mood changes

• Withdrawal from family or friends

• Changes in sleep or eating habits

• Loss of interest in activities

• Declining school performance

• Increased secrecy

• Risk-taking behavior

• Changes in physical appearance or hygiene

These signs do not always mean a young person is using substances or experiencing a mental health crisis, but they may indicate that additional support is needed.

Reuce risk of harm

Even though the safest choice for youth is not to use substances. The reality is that some teens will still choose to use alcohol, drugs, or nicotine. Recognizing this reality and understanding that there are strategies to reduce risk and harm is important:

  • Make it safe to call home for a ride

  • Talk about how to use naloxone

  • Discuss Good Samaritan Laws

  • Review other safety protocols that can reduce harm