How to talk to youth
Talking with youth about mental health, stress, or substance use may feel uncomfortable, but open and supportive conversations are one of the most important ways caregivers can help.
These conversations do not need to be perfect. What matters most is creating trust, staying connected, and making sure youth know they can come to you for support.
Start early and keep talking
Conversations about mental health and substance use should happen over time, not just once. Short, ongoing discussions can feel more natural and less intimidating. Look for everyday opportunities to talk, especially those that are side by side.
• During car rides
• While eating meals together
• After seeing something online or on TV
•During walks or shared activities
Focus on listening (more than talking)
Youth are more likely to open up when they feel heard and respected.
Try to:
• Stay calm
• Listen without interrupting
• Ask open-ended questions
• Avoid immediate punishment or criticism
• Show empathy and curiosity
Keep the conversation nonjudgemental
Fear, shame, or anger can sometimes shut conversations down. Even if you are worried, try to approach conversations with support rather than blame.
Helpful approaches include:
• Focusing on safety and well-being
• Acknowledging emotions
• Talking honestly about risks
• Encouraging problem-solving together
Set clear expectations
Youth benefit from clear, consistent boundaries and expectations.
• Talk about family values
• Discuss safety concerns
• Explain the risks of substance use
•Set expectations around behavior and communication
Being supportive and setting boundaries can happen at the same time.
If they open up about their struggles…
If a young person shares concerns about mental health, stress, or substance use:
• Thank them for being honest
• Stay calm
• Avoid overreacting
• Focus on support and next steps
• Seek additional help if needed
You do not need to handle everything alone. Reaching out for support is a sign of strength and care.
Young people may not always show it, but supportive relationships matter. Consistent care, communication, and connection can help youth feel safer, stronger, and more supported through challenges.